Effects and mechanisms of total flavones of Abelmoschus manihot in improving insulin resistance and podocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic kidney disease based on IRS1/PI3K/Akt pathway / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the effects and mechanisms of total flavones of Abelmoschus manihot(TFA), the extracts from traditional Chinese medicine indicated for kidney diseases, on insulin resistance(IR) and podocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) in diabetic kidney disease(DKD), and further to reveal the scientific connotation. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a TFA group, and a rosiglitazone(ROS) group. The modified DKD model was induced in rats by methods including high-fat diet feeding, unilateral nephrectomy, and streptozotocin(STZ) intraperitoneal injection. After modeling, the rats in the four groups were given double-distilled water, TFA suspension, and ROS suspension correspondingly by gavage every day. At the end of the 8th week of drug administration, all rats were sacrificed, and the samples of urine, blood, and kidney tissues were collected. The parameters and indicators related to IR and podocyte EMT in the DKD model rats were examined and observed, including the general condition, body weight(BW) and kidney weight(KW), the biochemical parameters and IR indicators, the protein expression levels of the key signaling molecules and structural molecules of slit diaphragm in the renal insulin receptor substrate(IRS) 1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/serine-threonine kinase(Akt) pathway, foot process form and glomerular basement membrane(GBM) thickness, the expression of the marked molecules and structural molecules of slit diaphragm in podocyte EMT, and glomerular histomorphological characteristics. The results showed that for the DKD model rats, both TFA and ROS could improve the general condition, some biochemical parameters, renal appearance, and KW. The ameliorative effects of TFA and ROS were equivalent on BW, urinary albumin(UAlb)/urinary creatinine(UCr), serum creatinine(Scr), triglyceride(TG), and KW. Secondly, they could both improve IR indicators, and ROS was superior to TFA in improving fast insulin(FIN) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR). Thirdly, they could both improve the protein expression levels of the key signaling molecules in the IRS1/PI3K/Akt pathway and glomerulosclerosis in varying degrees, and their ameliorative effects were similar. Finally, both could improve podocyte injury and EMT, and TFA was superior to ROS. In conclusion, this study suggested that podocyte EMT and glomerulosclerosis could be induced by IR and the decreased activation of the IRS1/PI3K/Akt pathway in the kidney in DKD. Similar to ROS, the effects of TFA in inhibiting podocyte EMT in DKD were related to inducing the activation of the IRS1/PI3K/Akt pathway and improving IR, which could be one of the scientific connotations of TFA against DKD. This study provides preliminary pharmacological evidence for the development and application of TFA in the field of diabetic complications.

Prediction of vault after implantable collamer lens implantation and its research progress / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Myopia is considered to be a disease occurred under the influence of genetic and environmental factors, and it can only be restored by corrective surgeries. The current surgical methods include laser surgeries and phakic intraocular lens(PIOL)implantation, and PIOL has the advantages of wide range of correction, repeatable procession and small damage to corneal tissue. Furthermore, good visual acuity can be achieved after implantation of intraocular lens. Implantable collamer lens(ICL)is the most common surgical method in this group. The vertical distance between the highest point of the posterior central surface of the implanted lens and the anterior surface of the crystalline lens is called vault. It will cause serious complications if the vault turns out to be abnormal. Up to now, there is no optimal prediction method. This research focuses on vault, discusses the ideal range of postoperative vault, the safety and effectiveness of this surgery, and analyzes the existing prediction methods to provide directions for future clinical research.

Study on the extraction of polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale and its improvement effect on acute lung injury in mice / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale， and preliminarily study its effect on acute lung injury （ALI） in mice. METHODS Using D. officinale as raw material， the polysaccharides were extracted from D. officinale by ultrasonic-assisted hot water immersion. Using the extraction rate of D. officinale polysaccharides as response value， the single-factor experiments and Box-Behnken response surface method were used to optimize the ratio of material to liquid， extraction time and extraction temperature. ALI mice were induced by lipopolysaccharide. Using prednisone acetate （5 mg/kg） as the positive control， the effects on the mass ratio of wet and dry lung and pathological changes of lung tissue （HE staining and Masson staining） of low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose D. officinale polysaccharides （50，100，200 mg/kg） were investigated. RESULTS The optimal extraction technology of D. officinale polysaccharides was as follows： the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶25 （g/mL）， the extracting time was 1 h， and the extracting temperature was 58 ℃ . Under these conditions， the average extraction rate of D. officinale polysaccharides was 37.75% （RSD＝1.12%，n＝3）， the relative error of which with predicted value （38.63%） was 2.28%. Compared with the model group， the ratios of wet and dry lung in the positive control group and D. officinale polysaccharides groups were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， and the pathological changes in lung tissue （severe destruction of alveolar structure， significant widening of alveolar septa， extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells and proliferation of fibroblasts） were alleviated to varying degrees. CONCLUSIONS The optimal extraction process of D. officinale polysaccharides is feasible； the obtained polysaccharide extract has a certain improvement effect on ALI in mice.

Effect of acupoint application of / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effect between acupoint application of @*METHODS@#A total of 62 KOA patients with knee swelling after knee arthroscopy were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 31 cases in each group. In the control group, cold compress was adopted after surgery, 3 times a day. On the basis of the treatment as the control group, acupoint application of @*RESULTS@#The VAS scores 3, 5 and 7 days into treatment were lower than those before treatment in the two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupoint application of

Effect of Different Extracts of Thlaspi Herba on Gut Microbiota of Hyperuricemia Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of different extracts of Thlaspi Herba on the gut microbiota of hyperuricemia mice， and to reveal the substance basis and mechanism of its hypouricemic activity. Method:Eighty-eight male Kunming mice were divided into 11 groups， including blank group， model group， allopurinol group， high and low dose groups of petroleum ether extract， high and low dose groups of ethyl acetate extract， high and low dose groups of <italic>n</italic>-butanol extract， high and low dose groups of total flavonoids extract. Mice in the blank group were given 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose by gavage， and the other groups were given oteracil potassium （500 mg·kg^-1） by gavage to duplicate the hyperuricemia model. After modeling for several hours， the blank group and the model group were given distilled water by gavage， while mice in the allopurinol group were given allopurinol suspension （50 mg·kg^-1）， and mice in each treatment group were given high and low doses of corresponding extract （5， 2.5 g·kg^-1）. The serum uric acid （SUA） level and xanthine oxidase （XOD） activity were measured after 14 days. Fresh feces were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing. Result:Compared with the blank group， SUA level and XOD activity of model group were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Compared with the model group， SUA level and XOD activity of the allopurinol group were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. After intervention， SUA level were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， except for high dose and low dose groups of petroleum ether extract and low dose group of total flavonoids extract， XOD activity was significantly inhibited in low dose group of petroleum ether extract， high dose group of total flavonoids extract， and high and low dose groups of <italic>n</italic>-butanol extract （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. The high dose group of total flavonoids extract was the most significant. The results of flora sequencing showed that <italic>α</italic> diversity and abundance of the model group changed significantly， and Bacteroidetes， Firmicutes and Lactobacillaceae were significantly correlated with XOD activity. After intervention， the operational taxonomic unit （OTU）， ACE， Chao1 and Shannon indexes of the high and low dose groups of total flavonoids extract were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in low dose group of ethyl acetate extract， high dose group of total flavonoids extract， and high and low dose groups of <italic>n</italic>-butanol extract was significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae in low dose group of <italic>n</italic>-butanol extract and high dose group of total flavonoids extract was significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:The effective part of Thlaspi Herba for reducing uric acid is mainly flavonoids， the improvement of SUA level and XOD activity by affecting gut microbiota such as Lactobacillaceae， Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes， may be one of its mechanisms.

Research and application progress of implementing virtual and augmented reality technology in Medical Imaging education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Advances in virtual and augmented reality technology have shown its potential for medical education and clinical application. The purpose of this review is to summarize how medical colleges and universities have explored in virtual and augmented reality technology for Medical Imaging in China and other countries. Applications of virtual and augmented reality technology for diagnostic radiology education can enrich the teaching contents, expand the space and time of teaching, and help students in analysis and diagnosis. In interventional radiology education, students can experience the medical environment which is close to the real one, simulate the surgical process, optimize the teaching resources and improve the teaching quality. With the comprehensive utilization of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and new computer technologies, virtual and augmented reality technology will bring a new revolution to future medical education.

Correlation between NLRP3 inflammation complex and the degree of optic nerve injury in primary glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To investigate the correlation between NLRP3 inflammation and optic nerve injury in primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG). <p>METHODS: Totally 65 POAG patients(98 eyes)in our hospital from May 2016 to May 2017 were selected, meanwhile 30 cataract patients(49 eyes)were as control group. Visual impairment was judged according to the mean defect value(MD)and divided into mild(group A), moderate(group B)and severe(group C)groups. The quality of IL-1β and IL-18 in plasma was detected by ELISA, and proportion of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 positive macrophages was measured by flow cytometry. <p>RESULTS: The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 and the proportion of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 positive cells in POAG group were obviously higher than those in control group(<i>P</i><0.05). The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 and the proportion of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 positive cells in group C were highest in subgroups(<i>P</i><0.05). The serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in POAG patients were positively correlated with visual field injury(<i>r</i>=0.432, 0.765), and the proportion of positive cells of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 was positively correlated with visual field injury(<i>r</i>=0.517, 0.481, 0.340). <p>CONCLUSION: Serum levels of IL-1β, IL-18 and the proportion of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 positive macrophages are positively correlated with the degree of optic nerve injury in POAG patients.

The influence of overexpressions of microRNA-375 on the expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and IL-4, IL-13 in allergic rhinitis mice

Objective:To detect the expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-4, IL- 13 (interleukin-4, interleukin-13) through overexpression of microRNA-375 in allergic rhinitis (AR) mice.Methods:AR mice models with overexpression of miRNA375 were induced by ovalbumin (OVA) in Lentivirus overexpression vector AR group (Overexpression vector+OVA), lentivirus control vector AR group (Control vector+OVA) as well as AR (OVA) group. While saline was administered in control (Saline) group, nasal mucosa of each group were collected for further use. Relative expressions of TSLP and IL-4, IL-13 mRNA and proteins were detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis.Results:Real-time fluorescence quantitative method verified the overexpression of miRNA375 in allergic rhinitis group, and the same method has been adopted to verify the expressions of IL-4 and IL-13 genes in the overexpression group. The relative expressions of TSLP and IL-4, IL-13 mRNA and protein decreased in overexpression of microRNA-375 nasal mucosa compared with AR group (P<0.05).Conclusions:The results indicated that the lentivirus in the nasal mucosa of mice with allergic rhinitis may affect the expression of IL-4, IL-13 and TSLP, and the expression of lentivirus in the nasal mucosa of mice with allergic rhinitis is different from that in the miR-375 lentivirus group. The expression of lentivirus in the nasal mucosa of mice with allergic rhinitis was different.

Physicochemical properties of hydroxyapatite/dicalcium phosphate dehydrate bone cement / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and monocalciumphosphate monohydrate (MCPM) are traditionally considered as reactants for dicalcium phosphate dehydrate (DCPD) bone cement,but little is reported on the hydroxyapatite (HA) as a reactant.OBJECTIVE:To verify whether HA and MCPM can be used to prepare DCPD bone cement and to explore the physicochemical properties.METHODS:The HA and β-TCP were prepared by wet chemical precipitation method,and mixed with appropriate proportion of MCPM.Then,the HA-DCPD and β-TCP-DCPD were obtained by adding a proper amount of curing water.The composition and structure of the two materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction,the morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope,and the mechanical strength was tested by Instron5567 universal material test machine.These two kinds of materials were placed in simulated body fluid for detecting the weight loss ratio,soaked for 14 days and taken out for X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope detection.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:X-ray diffraction findings indicated that these two kinds of materials both belonged to high-purity DCPD bone cement.Under the scanning electron microscope,β-TCP-DCPD bone cement had dense crystal structure,with less pore number;however,the HA-DCPD bone cement presented with finer grains,loose structure,and higher pore number.With the increase of curing time,the mechanical strength of two kinds of bone cements was correspondingly increased,but the compressive strength of β-TCP-DCPD bone cement was significantly higher than that of HA-DCPD bone cement (P ＜ 0.05).In the simulated body fluid,the weight loss ratio of β-TCP-DCPD bone cement was significantly lower than that of HA-DCPD bone cement (P ＜ 0.05).At 14 days after soaking in the simulated body fluid,a layer of spherical particles that was formed on the surface of both materials was identified as hydroxyapatite by scanning electron microscope observation and X-ray diffraction analysis.In summary,HA-DCPD bone cement has good biodegradability,excellent bioactivity and bone conductivity,but poor mechanical properties.

Analysis of outpatient prescription medications in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To understand the patterns of outpatient prescription medications in the hospital's elderly patients.Methods Data for all outpatient prescriptions at our hospital written for seniors (≥60 years old) between 2013 and 2014 were collected and medications were ranked based on the price.The top 100 medications were chosen for analysis.Results The most expensive and most frequently prescribed three therapeutic groups were drugs for cardiovascular,endocrine & metabolic,and bone & joint disorders.Medication numbers and prices varied among different age groups,with the 60-64 and 75-79 groups representing the highest numbers and prices.The average price (460.3 yuan) per prescription for male patients was higher than that (399.3 yuan) for female patients.Conclusions The cost of prescription drugs in elderly patients is higher than in middle-aged patients,with drugs for non communicable chronic diseases accounting for most of the expenses.Polypharmacy is also a prominent issue.Prescriptions for chronic illnesses in the elderly should follow well established guidelines and appropriately managed.

A Genetic Susceptibility Study of Lung Cancer Risk Potentially Associated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Inhalation Exposure / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

To establish a genetic susceptibility assessment model of lung cancer risk potentially associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) inhalation exposure among non-smokers in China, a total of 143 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and 143 cancer-free individuals were recruited. Sixty-eight genetic polymorphisms in 10 pathways related to PAH metabolism and tumorigenesis were selected and examined. It was observed that 3 genetic polymorphisms, along with 10 additional genetic polymorphisms via gene-gene interactions, significantly influenced lung cancer risk potentially associated with PAH inhalation exposure. Most polymorphisms were associated with PAH metabolism. According to the established genetic susceptibility score (GSS), lung cancer risk increased with a rise in the GSS level, thereby indicating a positive dose-response relationship.

Effect of Yupingfeng granules on HA and Foxp3(+) Treg expression in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Yupingfeng on hyaluronic acid (HA) and Foxp3(+) Treg in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.@*METHODS@#A total of 58 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were divided into two groups, 30 cases in the treatment group, 28 cases in the control group. Patients in two groups were treated with synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment, the treatment group was treated with the Yupingfeng granules through oral administration, 10 g/time, tid for 2 courses. The serum Foxp3(+) Treg markers of each group were detected by flow cytometry assay before treatment and after treatment, and the level of HA in serum was detected by radio immunoassay.@*RESULTS@#After radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the contents of Foxp3(+) Treg and HA were significantly decreased in two groups (P < 0.05), and the decrease of treatment group was more significantly (P < 0.01). Correlation analysis showed positive correlation between Foxp3(+) Treg and HA (P < 0.05). After treatment, the incidence of side effects in two groups was significantly decreased. And there was significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy with Yupingfeng treatment can decrease the levels of Foxp3(+) Treg and HA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Yupingfeng can also effectively reduce the side effect due to radiation and chemotherapy.

Investigation and Analysis of Absent Items in Package Inserts of Common Drugs for Elderly Patients in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the standardization of package insert of common drugs for elderly patients. METHODS:Outpatient prescriptions in our hospital from 2013 to 2014 were collected,and common drugs of elderly patients(≥60 years old)were ordered by consumption sum,and package inserts of top 100 drugs were statistically analyzed for absent items. RESULTS:The 100 common drugs for elderly patients included 28 Chinese traditional drugs and 72 chemical drugs. The Chinese traditional drug had more absent items,mostly were pharmacokinetics and drug overdose(92.9%),medication of elderly patients (85.7%),drug interactions(78.6%)and pharmacological actions(50.0%);the proportion of contraindications(16/28),adverse re-actions(15/28) and precaution(9/28) with uncertainty was relatively high. Items of chemicals package insert were better than Chi-nese traditional drug,absent items were pharmacokinetics and drug overdose(5.6%),medication of elderly patients and pharmaco-logical actions (2.8%) and drug interactions (1.4%);the proportion of medication of elderly patients (16/72),drug interaction and drug overdose(12/72)with uncertainty was relatively high. CONCLUSIONS:The common problem existing in the drug manu-al is characterized by absence of usage for elderly,drug descriptions is not clear,etc. Package inserts should be further improved to strengthen its standardization.

Effect of Yupingfeng granules on HA and Foxp3+ Treg expression in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective: To investigate the effect of Yupingfeng on hyaluronic acid (HA) and Foxp3+ Treg in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: A total of 58 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were divided into two groups, 30 cases in the treatment group, 28 cases in the control group. Patients in two groups were treated with synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment, the treatment group was treated with the Yupingfeng granules through oral administration, 10 g/time, tid for 2 courses. The serum Foxp3+ Treg markers of each group were detected by flow cytometry assay before treatment and after treatment, and the level of HA in serum was detected by radio immunoassay. Results: After radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the contents of Foxp3+ Treg and HA were significantly decreased in two groups (P + Treg and HA (P + Treg and HA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Yupingfeng can also effectively reduce the side effect due to radiation and chemotherapy.

Role of 17β-estradiol in regulation of MIF expression in endometrial stro-mal cells of endometriosis / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of 17β-estradiol on the expression of macrophage migration inhibi-tory factor ( MIF) in cultured endometrial stromal cells from endometriosis .METHODS:Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the endometrial stromal cells .The expression of MIF at mRNA and protein levels was assessed by RT-PCR and Western blotting .RESULTS:Elevated expression of MIF at mRNA and protein levels was observed in the cultured endom-etrial stromal cells treated with 17β-estradiol.In endometrial stromal cells from the women with endometriosis , the level of MIF up-regulation by 17β-estradiol was significantly higher than that in the cells from the women without endometriosis . CONCLUSION:Endometrial stromal cells from endometriosis are more sensitive to 17β-estradiol, which up-regulates the expression of MIF and contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of endometriosis .

Effect of the severity of coronary artery on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with unstable angina / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore the effect of the severity of coronary artery on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with unstable angina (UA).Methods One hundred and seventy-two patients with UA consecutively from December 2010 to August 2011 were enrolled.All patients underwent coronary angiography (CAG) and echocardiography.The patients were divided into four groups according to left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography:Thirty-eight subjects with normal(Non-HFNEF),45 subjects with mild dysfunction (Grade Ⅰ),57 subjects with moderate dysfunction(Grade Ⅱ) and 32 subjects with severe dysfunction grade (Grade Ⅲ).The effect of the severity of coronary artery on the left ventricular diastolic function was analyzed.Results There were significant difference on left atrial dimension (3.24 ± 0.50) nn vs (3.40 ±0.41) mmvs (3.56±0.44) mm vs (3.78 ±0.36) mm (F=21.454,P＜0.001),left ventricular posterior wall (0.84 ±0.11) mm vs (0.90 ±0.12) mm vs (0.92 ±0.09) ram vs (0.94 ±0.15) mm (F =10.743,P ＜ 0.001) and left ventricular mass index (105.63 ± 33.13) g/m2 vs (113.09 ± 21.55) g/m2 vs (122.26 ±41.52) g/m2 vs (132.96 ± 31.06) g/m2(F =9.746,P ＜ 0.001) among the four groups.Diastolic function was significantly correlated with the severity of coronary artery(r =0.466,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion In the patients with UA,left ventricular diastolic function was significantly influenced by the extent of coronary artery stenosis.

Preparation of berberine hydrochloride liposomes by a new pH gradient method / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To prepare berberine hydrochloride liposomes and investigate the influence of different factors on the entrapment efficiency. METHODS: Berberine hydrochloride liposomes were prepared by a novel pH gradient method. The transmembrane gradient was set up by ion exchange resin. UV-visible spectrophotometry and laser particle analyzer were applied to determine the entrapment efficiency and the size of berberine hydrochloride liposomes, respectively. The influences of various factors, including exterior pH values, the basic solutions of external water phase, phospholipids, incubation temperature and time, adding sequence and the ratio of drug to lipid, on the entrapment efficiency were investigated. RESULTS: Entrapment efficiency increaced with higher pH values, the best basic solution is phosphate buffer and HSPC is the most suitable phospholipid, the entrapment efficiency was enhanced by increacing incubation temperature and time, not affected by adding sequence, and the optimal ratio of drug to lipid was 1: 10. The entrapment efficiency of berberine hydrochloride liposomes under the optimum conditions was (98.6 ± 0.68)% (n = 3), and the mean diameter was 124.1 nm. CONCLUSION: The berberine hydrochloride liposomes with high entrapment efficiency are prepared by a novel pH gradient method, and the method is proved to be feasible. Copyright 2013 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Value of 3.0T MRI in the preoperative diagnosis and staging of elderly cervical carcinoma / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the value of 3.0T MRI in preoperative diagnosis and staging of elderly cervical carcinoma.Methods Totally 73 patients were enrolled in this trial.The MRI features of cervical carcinoma and invasion of adjacent tissue were evaluated,the correlation of MRI staging and pathological staging was studied.Results MRI showed lesions in 73 patients,the accuracy of diagnosis for uterine cervical carcinoma was 100.0 ％,for parametrial invasion was 94.2 ％.The results of MRI staging of 52 cases showed the accuracy was 88.5％ (46 cases) as compared with postoperative pathology.The correlation between the MRI and postoperative pathology in the stages of Ⅰ B,Ⅱ A and Ⅱ B uterine cervical cancer was very well(x2 ＝ 61.43,P＜0.01),the consistency of MRI in the diagnosis of uterine cervical cancer in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ with postoperative pathology was extremely strong(100％).Conclusions The accuracy of diagnosis and staging for uterine cervical carcinoma is high in MRI imaging.

Effect of calcium citrate on bone integration in a rabbit femur defect model

OBJECTIVE@#To explore effect of calcium citrate on bone integration in a rabbit femur defect model, and to compare the bone formation with different sizes by radiological and histological study.@*METHODS@#Twenty-four male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (Group A, B, C) in this study. Under anesthesia, defects of four sizes (1.2, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mm) were created in each of the rabbits. Commercially pure calcium citrate powder was placed inside the medullary compartment of the femur (Experimental), while in the contralateral femur (Control) nothing was implanted. The defects were analyzed using radiography and histological analysis by using Imagepro-Plus 6.0 software after animal was sacrificed at 4th(Group A), 6th(Group B) and 8th(Group C) weeks postoperatively. Four samples were analyzed for each size of defect and each healing period.@*RESULTS@#The histological and the radiologic evaluation were performed after sacrification of all rabbits on postoperative 4th and 6th weeks, It showed significant difference between the experimental group and the control group when these defects were less than or equal to 2.0 mm. No statistical difference was observed when these defects were larger than 2.0 mm at all healing periods except at the 4th week.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Calcium citrate affects the early periods of bone defects healing mechanism in Japanese white rabbits positively, especially when the defect is not too large. We suggest further studies on calcium citrate to determine the effects of various dosages, administration ways and the experimental time on the bone defects.

Effect of parathyroid hormone on renal anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To observe the mechanism of elevated parathyroid hormone(PFH) leading to erythrocytes life span shortened in the patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods Serum samples of 30 healthy people and 75 CKD patients were collected.Patients were divided into three groups according to their renal function.Intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH)was detected by immunochemiluminometry.The erythrocytes phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i)were measured by flow cytometry. Results (1)Levels of serum iPTH,[Ca2+]i and erythrocytes PS exposure increased gradually with the decline of renel function in stages 3 to 5 of CKD,the differences were significant with CKD 1 to 2 stages and healthy control group(all P＜0.05).(2)Pearson correlation analysis revealed,during CKD 3 to 5 stages,Hb was negatively correlated with iPTH and erythrocyte PS exposure respectively (r=-0.830 and-0.791,all P＜0.01);iPTH was positively correlated with[Ca2+]i and erythrocyte PS exposure (r=0.882 and 0.924,all P＜0.01),whereas negatively correlated with serum Ca respectively(r=-0.544,P＜0.01);erythrocyte PS exposure was positively correlated with[Ca2+]i(r=0.923,P＜0.01)and not correlated with serum Ca(r=-0.138,P=0.365).(3)The linear regression equation of[Ca2+]i(Y)for iPTH(X)was Y=3.327+0.213X(F=21.529,P＜0.05).The multiple linear regression equation of erythrocytes PS exposure(Y)for PTH (X1)and[Ca2+]i(X2)was Y=-0.303+0.283X2+0.139X1(F=6.59,P＜0.01). Conclusions By increasing intracellular calcium,iPTH can lead to an increase of the erythrocyte PS exposure.which will cause the occurrence of erythrocytes life span being shortened.As a result,the renal anemia will become more severe.